The
clean and press is a
weight training exercise, and was part of the sport of
weightlifting in the
Olympics until 1972. It was removed from Olympic weightlifting due to difficulties in judging proper technique.
The clean and press technique consists of the two main movements of which it is named.
Clean phase
After taking a big breath and setting the back, the lifter jumps the bar up through
triple extension (in very quick succession) of the hips,
knees and then
ankles. When the legs have driven the bar as high as possible, the lifter pulls under the bar by violently shrugging (contracting) the trapezius muscles of the upper back ("traps")dropping into a deep squat position and spinning the hands around the bar so the
elbows are extended in front. At the same time, as the arms are brought up with the elbows extended in front of the chest so the bar may now lay across or "rest" across the palms, the front of the
shoulder or
deltoid muscles, and the
clavicles. At this point the lifter should be in a full squat position, with his buttocks on or very close to the heels, sitting erect with the bar resting comfortably across the deltoids and fingers. By keeping a rigid torso and maintaining a deep breathhold the bar bends over the lifters clavicle. The improvement in construction of modern weightlifting bars has greatly increased this springing action compared with bars used in the first half of the twentieth century. This springing action is used to rebound from the full bottom squat position. This is commonly known as a front squat.
Press phase
Once the bar is on the anterior deltoids, the lifter proceed to pressing the weight overhead. During the Olympics, many lifters laid back while pressing. This allowed for more weight to be pressed.
Vasiliy Alekseyev could do an extreme version resembling a standing
bench press.
This extreme
hyperextension of the lower back lead to the elimination from the
Olympic Games competition in 1972.